Ubuntu 常用配置及软件

2022-05-04 Linux 0 0 评论

Ubuntu 常用配置及软件

创建用户

# 切root用户
su root 
sudo useradd -r -m -s /bin/bash moon
# 设置密码
sudo passwd
# -r：建立系统账号
# -m：自动建立用户的登入目录
# -s：指定用户登入后所使用的shell

# 设置sudo
# 修改/etc/sudoers 权限
chmod +w /etc/sudoers
vim /etc/sudoers
# 增加moon用户权限
moon    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
# env_reset下添加, 使sudo 执行命令时走代理
Defaults env_keep += "http_proxy https_proxy ftp_proxy all_proxy no_proxy"
# 还原权限(否则不生效)
chmod 440 /etc/sudoers

时间校准

1 2	sudo apt-get install ntp ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.org

Clash默认系统代理

管理页面

# 设置代理
export https_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:19527 http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:19527 all_proxy=socks5://127.0.0.1:19527
# 查看代理
env |grep -i proxy
# 清除代理
unset http_proxy
unset https_proxy
# 通过图形界面设置的代理清除
sudo vi /etc/apt/apt.conf
sudo vi ~/.bashrc
sudo vi /etc/enviroment

软件源配置

编辑文件sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

# 清华源 
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
 
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

# 中科大源
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
 
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverseo

# 阿里源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

常用软件

sudo apt install git zsh tmux neovim tree ranger fzf

字体安装

Nerd字体下载
字体目录: /usr/share/fonts
建立字体缓存信息
sudo fc-cache -fv
配置终端

个性化配置

克隆配置
git clone https://github.com/ZhouMoon/dotfiles

ssh服务

服务安装
sudo apt-get install openssh-server
创建authorized_keys
sudo touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
客户端生成密钥
ssh-keygen
将公钥写入远程机器中的 authorized_keys 文件中